{"id":15478,"date":"2025-11-26T15:48:10","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T15:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptozen.asia\/vn\/vitalik-buterin-chi-tiet-ve-su-chuyen-doi-chien-luoc-cua-ethereum-huong-toi-toi-uu-hoa\/"},"modified":"2025-11-26T15:48:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T15:48:10","slug":"vitalik-buterin-chi-tiet-ve-su-chuyen-doi-chien-luoc-cua-ethereum-huong-toi-toi-uu-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptozen.asia\/vn\/vitalik-buterin-chi-tiet-ve-su-chuyen-doi-chien-luoc-cua-ethereum-huong-toi-toi-uu-hoa\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitalik Buterin Chi Ti\u1ebft V\u1ec1 S\u1ef1 Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed5i Chi\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ee7a Ethereum H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1edbi T\u1ed1i \u01afu H\u00f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch T\u0103ng Gi\u1edbi H\u1ea1n Gas c\u1ee7a Ethereum<\/h2>\n<p>K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c <strong>t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi <strong>t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed gas<\/strong> cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i c\u0169ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c slot l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u1edbi v\u1edbi <em>SSTORE<\/em>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng <em>SSTORE<\/em> kh\u00e1c, precompiles (tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong elliptic), CALLs \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 calldata.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u1ee5c Ti\u00eau v\u00e0 L\u1ee3i \u00cdch<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 <strong>t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/strong> c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng trong khi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c n\u00fat. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gas c\u1ee7a Ethereum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00ean blockchain. Chi ph\u00ed gas \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfi spam ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e2ng cao gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas, Ethereum s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p <strong>nhi\u1ec1u giao d\u1ecbch h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i<\/strong>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau khi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas cao h\u01a1n, Ethereum hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas kh\u1ed1i 60 tri\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u2014 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tham gia, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng phi t\u1eadp trung th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <em>SSTORE<\/em>, m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Ethereum. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng <em>SSTORE<\/em> ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed5i v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi ph\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, Ethereum khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t giao d\u1ecbch th\u00f4 sang <strong>qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n<\/strong>. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n trong n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u1ea3 thi l\u00e0: <strong>t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n<\/strong> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c <strong>t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed gas g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n<\/strong> cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady (theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i):\u2026 <em>vitalik.eth (26 th\u00e1ng 11, 2025)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf blockchain: <strong>t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Etherscan, Ethereum hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u1ea3ng <strong>1,2 tri\u1ec7u giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y<\/strong>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng minh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111ang theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd khi Ethereum th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh phi t\u1eadp trung. Ethereum v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh, x\u1eed l\u00fd <strong>31,083 giao d\u1ecbch trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y<\/strong>, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>C\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn khi nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u1edf ph\u00eda ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, bao g\u1ed3m <em>Fusaka, Peerdas, ZKEthereum, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng blob, EIP-7928<\/em>, v\u00e0 <em>gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 ch\u1ee9ng minh ZK<\/em>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 giao d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Ethereum v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 TPS \u0111\u1ec9nh: <strong>31,083 giao d\u1ecbch trong m\u1ed9t GI\u00c2Y<\/strong>. (h\/t Peerdas, ZKethereum, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng blob, EIP-7928, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 ch\u1ee9ng minh ZK \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. Ethereum \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u00e0m m\u0169.)<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Ethereum \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo m\u1ed9t <strong>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u00e0m m\u0169<\/strong>, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 theo k\u1ecbp nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng phi t\u1eadp trung ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng Tin C\u1ea3nh B\u00e1o<\/h2>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi Altcoin Buzz kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3\/nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 cho. Bitcoin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao; do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch T\u0103ng Gi\u1edbi H\u1ea1n Gas c\u1ee7a Ethereum K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gas l\u00ean g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed gas cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i c\u0169ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y bao &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15477,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[10780,4225,4218,6301,6302,4257],"class_list":["post-15478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethereum","tag-altcoin-buzz","tag-bitcoin","tag-ethereum","tag-fusaka","tag-peerdas","tag-vitalik-buterin"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vitalik Buterin Chi Ti\u1ebft V\u1ec1 S\u1ef1 Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed5i Chi\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ee7a Ethereum H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1edbi T\u1ed1i \u01afu H\u00f3a - CryptoZen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vitalik Buterin ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Ethereum 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