{"id":8564,"date":"2025-05-15T23:18:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-15T23:18:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptozen.asia\/vn\/cuoc-dua-cac-co-che-dong-thuan-khac-phuc-lo-hong-cua-pow-va-pos\/"},"modified":"2025-05-15T23:18:16","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T23:18:16","slug":"cuoc-dua-cac-co-che-dong-thuan-khac-phuc-lo-hong-cua-pow-va-pos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptozen.asia\/vn\/cuoc-dua-cac-co-che-dong-thuan-khac-phuc-lo-hong-cua-pow-va-pos\/","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c \u0110ua C\u00e1c C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed3ng Thu\u1eadn: Kh\u1eafc Ph\u1ee5c L\u1ed7 H\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a PoW v\u00e0 PoS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi N\u0103m 2025 \u0110\u1ebfn G\u1ea7n<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Bitcoin v\u00e0 Ethereum<\/strong>\u2014Proof-of-Work (PoW) v\u00e0 Proof-of-Stake (PoS)\u2014\u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch sau khi x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch do halving. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Proof-of-Authority (PoA) c\u1ee7a Stellar v\u00e0 Proof-of-Entropy-Minima (PoEM) c\u1ee7a Quai Network \u0111ang tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i Nh\u00ecn S\u00e1t H\u01a1n V\u1ec1 PoW v\u00e0 PoS<\/h2>\n

Ryan Berckmans, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i crypto v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e2u n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ethereum, \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi Cryptonews r\u1eb1ng PoW l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh b\u1edfi Satoshi Nakamoto. \u00d4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng PoW gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chung. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, PoW c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p khai th\u00e1c Bitcoin. <\/p>\n

“PoW l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin \u2018T\u01b0\u1edbng Byzantine\u2019 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u,” Berckmans n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00d4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng PoS mang l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c blockchain Layer-1 (L1) mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/p>\n

“V\u1edbi PoS, m\u1ed9t token g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ed1n h\u00f3a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro. PoW kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Berckmans cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a PoW n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gia t\u0103ng ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady. <\/p>\n

“Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 magic needle trong c\u1ecf kh\u00f4) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 qu\u1ef9 n\u00e0o b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp n\u1ebfu th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1,” \u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c validator c\u1ee7a PoS c\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch n\u1ebfu kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb l\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c V\u1edbi Blockchain PoW v\u00e0 PoS<\/h2>\n

V\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn PoW v\u00e0 PoS. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c blockchain PoS ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c validator \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c token v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng cho h\u00e0nh vi trung th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u. V\u00ec v\u1eady, PoS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2023, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 token b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i tr\u00ean Ethereum. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi MEV-Boost, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 thu l\u1ee3i kho\u1ea3ng 25 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la stablecoin.<\/p>\n

Berckmans c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PoS l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong khi duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. <\/p>\n

“Ethereum c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho n\u00fat validator c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn Ethereum tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh L1 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n,” \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft. “Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 r\u1ee7i ro \u2018chia nh\u00e1nh\u2019 m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo ng\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

R\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chu\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Vitalik v\u00e0 Qu\u1ef9 Ethereum x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a giao th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 PoW, Berckmans ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng Bitcoin c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. <\/p>\n

“M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n halving di\u1ec5n ra c\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n n\u0103m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Bitcoin b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. \u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Satoshi l\u00e0 ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bitcoin t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m trong ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a di\u1ec5n ra,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Berckmans tin r\u1eb1ng Bitcoin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng 51% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2032. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u00eam l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n cung BTC v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 BTC v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n “hard cap” 21 tri\u1ec7u<\/strong> v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2030.<\/p>\n

Thay Th\u1ebf C\u00e1c C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c blockchain PoW v\u00e0 PoS, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Stellar s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Proof-of-Agreement” (PoA)<\/strong>. Garand Tyson, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cao c\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Stellar, cho bi\u1ebft, PoA ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi PoW v\u00e0 PoS. <\/p>\n

“PoA kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hay quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu token, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ni\u1ec1m tin x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u1eabn nhau,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tyson gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t validator, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t validator \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong m\u1ea1ng. <\/p>\n

“B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai trong m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eddi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh validator, nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng tin l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,” \u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u00e1c validator \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady tr\u00ean Stellar sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t “quorum set”, n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhau, gi\u00fap cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c validator d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tyson c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1c \u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gia nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn token, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c blockchain PoS. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 25 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la tr\u00ean Ethereum. <\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, Tyson gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, hay “state finality”<\/strong>, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn. <\/p>\n

“M\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n sai l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. PoA cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh,” \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

PoA c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 fork t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c validator trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quorum set fork ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng. <\/p>\n

“C\u00e1c validator s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ‘fork kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7’ trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Quai Network c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn ri\u00eang, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Proof-of-Entropy-Minima” (PoEM)<\/strong>. Alan Orwick, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Quai Network, cho bi\u1ebft PoEM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb PoW c\u1ee7a Bitcoin. PoEM s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c hash t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng entropy, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp theo. <\/p>\n

“\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c th\u00ec, \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c sharding th\u1ef1c thi, \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 50.000 giao d\u1ecbch m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y v\u1edbi ph\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi 0.01 \u0111\u00f4 la,” Orwick cho bi\u1ebft. “Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi PoW truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, PoEM cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n.”<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Orwick kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Quai Network \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng PoEM thay v\u00ec PoW ho\u1eb7c PoS v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi PoS, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a PoEM ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Quai v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n

“\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng trao quy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ea3 th\u1ee3 m\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng qua khai th\u00e1c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

PWR Chain l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t blockchain Layer-0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Delegated Proof-of-Power” (DPOP)<\/strong>. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c Tendermint nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i nhanh h\u01a1n.
\nEdy Haddad, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a PWR Chain, cho bi\u1ebft DPOP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef k\u00fd Falcon\u2014m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a sau l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u2014cho c\u00e1c phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a validator tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng DPOP cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c validator \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngang nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a PWR Chain gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PoS th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c validator nh\u1eadn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1eafng, nhi\u1ec1u blockchain \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung. <\/p>\n

“Khi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c validator l\u1edbn s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, qua \u0111\u00f3 thu h\u00fat th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng validator l\u1edbn n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng theo th\u1eddi gian,” t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Haddad c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a PWR Chain, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c quay v\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi. DPOP \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 2\/3 c\u00e1c validator ph\u1ea3i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c th\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ngay sau khi kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o. <\/p>\n

“PoW v\u00e0 PoS cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 tham gia m\u1edf, tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i ch\u1eadm, s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cao (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong PoW),” Haddad \u0111\u01b0a ra. DPOP, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a PWR Chain\u2014cung c\u1ea5p th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i nhanh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c th\u00ec, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

C\u00e1c Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea7n Xem X\u00e9t<\/h2>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn thay th\u1ebf \u0111ang mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xa ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Tyson \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 PoA l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin. <\/p>\n

V\u00ec m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c validator \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, ai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady? C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1eadp trung hay kh\u00f4ng?” Tyson nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng Stellar \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1edf v\u00e0 phi t\u1eadp trung. <\/p>\n

“B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t validator, nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 hay s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n; n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua ni\u1ec1m tin l\u1eabn nhau. C\u00e1c validator c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn\u2014c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, c\u00f4ng ty fintech, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n,” \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a PoA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 \u00edt validator \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady, m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u1eadp trung. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, Tyson gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng Stellar khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quorum. <\/p>\n

“C\u00e1c validator \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2ng tin v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. S\u1ef1 x\u00e1c minh ch\u00e9o \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n hay nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng,” \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong> trong PoA, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho vi\u1ec7c tham gia. Tyson cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y Stellar c\u00f3 \u00edt validator h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. <\/p>\n

“Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con dao hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i; c\u00e1c validator kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t giao d\u1ecbch, h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i trong c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn,” Tyson chia s\u1ebb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

V\u1ec1 PoEM, Orwick Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi. <\/p>\n

“B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng,” \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi N\u0103m 2025 \u0110\u1ebfn G\u1ea7n C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Bitcoin v\u00e0 Ethereum\u2014Proof-of-Work (PoW) v\u00e0 Proof-of-Stake (PoS)\u2014\u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch sau khi x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch do h…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8563,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[4225,4218,4338,6126],"class_list":["post-8564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin","tag-bitcoin","tag-ethereum","tag-satoshi-nakamoto","tag-stellar"],"yoast_head":"\nCu\u1ed9c \u0110ua C\u00e1c C\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed3ng Thu\u1eadn: Kh\u1eafc Ph\u1ee5c L\u1ed7 H\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a PoW v\u00e0 PoS - 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